{"id":1720,"date":"2015-11-11T06:04:49","date_gmt":"2015-11-11T06:04:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/?p=1720"},"modified":"2015-12-15T01:29:52","modified_gmt":"2015-12-15T01:29:52","slug":"towards-weather-architecture-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/2015\/11\/11\/towards-weather-architecture-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Towards Weather-Architecture"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Architectural<\/a>

Architectural Forest Wall<\/p><\/div>\n

The protection forest is made up of architectural above-ground \u201cgreat walls\u201d and underground \u201cgreat walls\u201d.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

WHAT<\/p>\n

\"wKgBy1Q2xmeAIWOMAAXnPkVcNnk796\"<\/a>

Farming-pastoral Ecotone, Inner Mongolia<\/p><\/div>\n

\"The<\/a>

Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, OMA<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Xiangshawan-Desert-Lotus-Hotel-PLaT-Architects-1\"<\/a>

Xiangshawan-Desert Hotel, PLaT Architects<\/p><\/div>\n

\"9405502572_89f8053fc0_b\"<\/a>

ESO Hotel, Auer + Weber<\/p><\/div>\n

In order to make changes of exterior climate can be perceived strongly by buildings’ occupants. Then elements of weather should be able to affect architecture even mechanical system has met indoor comfort need. There are three elemental aspects of architecture\u2014\u2014program, skin, atmosphere\u2014\u2014and their relationship to weather providing us possibilities to inject instability of weather into a static architecture. Given this, I will choose the project according to: 1.The site has a number of different types of climate; 2.The project should allow indoor comfort level to change in allowable range; 3.Climate change play an important role in production and living conditions of residents; 4.The site should be available for some natural media like water, light and fog. The “blur building” was free of a conventional skin, relying on fog’s atmospheric depth for enclosure. As we erode the hermeticism of architecture, the atmospheric conditions of the exterior can penetrate our interior architectural atmospheres.<\/p>\n

The test case therefore is picked in farming-pastoral ecotone of Inner Mongolia which is the transition zone from semi-arid to arid areas. On the one hand, the district is rich of climate change. On the other hand, the area is extremely sensitive to climate variability and its function of maintaining ecological balance is fragile. Because of this, climate change not only has a direct and indirect impact on livelihood of farmers and herdsmen, but also affects the mode of their life. Renegotiating the relationship between architectural systems, interface, and weather is crucial in creating sustainable environments that simultaneously able to exploit the exterior climate while maintaining a protective enclosure. My thesis thus will take advantage of the characteristics of site and local lifestyle to exploit potential capacity of architecture acting a medium instead of a shelter between people and exterior climate, exploring a new kind of triadic relation.<\/p>\n

WHY<\/p>\n

\"Pantheon<\/a>

Old Times’ Building|Pantheon Dome<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Sanaa<\/a>

Sanaa Ivam Extension<\/p><\/div>\n

In ancient times, humans built houses by using \u201cbranches and animal skins\u201d to weave to enclose space, out of desire to adapt to nature and basic need for living space. With the original buildings coming into being, architectural surface was born. It shelters people from rain, wind, snow, fog, extreme temperature and the beast attack. Gradually people weren\u2019t satisfied with the humble weaving means and began to dislike its thinness, hence the thickness of surface started to increase. Buildings throughout Middle Ages were hermetically sealed (as best as possible) from the elements of weather, effectively cutting off the outside world from the inside\u2014architecture becoming the defining line of separation. In 19th century, new materials and new technology brought by the Industrial Revolution helped architectural surface develop dramatically. Steel, glass and concrete replaced stones and bricks. On the other hand, the frame structure made building skin get rid of the dependence on structure system. Getting greater freedom of the form, it was becoming the connection and transition between indoor and outdoor environment, and enclosed space began to break. Louis Sullivan proposed building appearance should be the expression of internal structure and function, \u201cthe form follows function\u201d. Later, in the first half of the 20th century, Mies van der Rohe put forward the concept of \u201cSkin and Bone\u201d and Le Corbusier proposed \u201cFive Points toward New Architecture\u201d at the same time, which shows the concept of a free fa\u00e7ade. This liberated architectural surface ideologically, making it completely separated from building structure. With glass and mechanical system prevailing in buildings, particular aspects of weather were allowed to permeate the interior of a building, namely sunlight, which enabled an emerging relationship (visual and light connection) to occur between the interior and exterior.<\/p>\n

In the 1990s, the appearance of the energy crisis made people aware of the problem of building consumption. Design and construction professionals have focused on tackling this issue. The architectural design which can be adaptive to the climate, uses natural lighting and ventilation is displacing hermetic architecture. Nowadays skin designing have two trends: one is ecology and technology, the other is material and human visual feeling. Charles Correa put forward \u201cform follows climate\u201d and Thomas Herzog, Sauerbruch Hutton and Herzog & De Meuron also focus on recyclable construction materials and eco-technology. For example, House Regensburg designed by T. Herzog makes use of solar energy. Dominus Winery designed by Herzog & De Meuron takes advantage of the heat absorption performance of stone and the thermal insulation property of glass.<\/p>\n

Entitled \u201csmart material\u201d, these skins are functionally adaptive through a change in their inherent properties\u2014allowing building facades to respond to various weather conditions. Though such skins reduce a building\u2019s environmental footprint, they don\u2019t help architecture establish a new relationship between users and weather. My thesis tend to explore spatially a potential permeability of interface (building skin) to build the relationship which make exterior climate more perceptible to users.<\/p>\n

HOW<\/p>\n

\"Dominus<\/a>

Dominus Winery, Herzog & De Meuron<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Sand<\/a>

Sand Dwellings, Magnus Larsson|Sietch Nevada, Matsys Designs<\/p><\/div>\n

Step 01 – The first step would be researching how the exterior climate affects the interior environment via the architectural skin, together with studying of how traditional and modern buildings use design methods, architectural materials and construction and technologies to reduce the detrimental effects and exploit the beneficial aspects of elements of weather;
\nStep 02 – Following by research and analysis of characteristics of site as well local famers and herdsmen. Based on this, major target architectural type is a complex including dwellings and some infrastructure, which can respond to the climate. In addition, major ideal architectural material is sand, which is a kind of sustainable and accessible material.
\nStep 03 – Developing diagrammatic analysis of architectural and structural typology which adaptive to the envionment of selected site and the lifestyle of local residents.
\nStep 04 – Experimenting the architectural and structural typology and incorporating that with essential elements of weather. Testing it with the test case and repeat 03 for refinement and adjustment.
\nStep 05 – Towards weather, integrating architectural typology and structural typology with property of materials to build a kind of architecture which can show a new relationship between three (people, interface – architecture itself, climate).<\/p>\n

Bibliography 01: Theory:
\n1. Reyner Banham, 1984, The Architecture of the Well-tempered Environment, The University of Chicago Press
\n2. Charles Jencks, 1971, Architecture 2000: predictions and methods, Studio Vista
\n3. Rem Koolhaas, 2004, Junk-Space, Notting Hill Editions
\n4. OMA, 2001, Harvard Design School Guide to Shopping, Taschen<\/p>\n

Bibliography 02: Techniques:
\n1. Axel Ritter, 2007, Smart material in architecture, interior architecture and design, Birkhauser
\n2. Christian Schittich, 2001, Building skins: concept, layers, materials,Birkhauser<\/p>\n

Bibliography 03: Project:
\n1. Ivam Extension, 2002, SANAA
\n2. Blur Building, 2002, Diller + Scofidio
\n3. ESO Hotel, 2002, Auer + Weber
\n4. Rem Koolhaas & Cecil Balmond, 2006, Serpentine Gallery Pavilion
\n5. Xiangshawan-Desert Hotel, 2013, PLaT Architects<\/p>\n

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The protection forest is made up of architectural above-ground \u201cgreat walls\u201d and underground \u201cgreat walls\u201d.   WHAT In order to make changes of exterior climate can be perceived strongly by buildings’ occupants. Then elements of weather should be able to<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":54,"featured_media":663,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[9],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1720"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/54"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1720"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1720\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1781,"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1720\/revisions\/1781"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/thesis.arch.hku.hk\/2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}